The main intention of this work is to study the adsorption rate and mechanism for the adsorption of Malachite Green dye (MG) onto Jordanian diatomite. A series of experiments were conducted under a variety of conditions such as the mass of diatomite, initial MG concentration, and pH of the solution. The mechanism of adsorption was elucidated based on different kinetic models. Experimental conditions showed a considerable effect on the adsorption rate. Alkali conditions promote MG uptake and increase the rate of adsorption. Approximately 99% of dye removal was achieved as the diatomite dosage increased from 0.25g to 1.5g. The adsorption rate-controlling step was found to be a combination of chemisorption and intraparticle diffusion, with the external mass transfer predominating in the first five minutes of the experiment.

It has been established that the presence of paracetamol in wastewaters can cause a potential risk to the environment. This work examined the possibility of using calcined gypsum in removing paracetamol from aqueous solutions. At neutral pH conditions, calcined gypsum was successful in removing paracetamol via adsorption, from aqueous solutions with a removal efficiency that ranged between 56.8 to 65.3 % of an initial concentration of 600 ppm. Increased temperature (from 20 to 500C) had a minor effect on the removal % of paracetamol while increasing the initial calcined gypsum dose (from 0.5 gm to 3 gm) and contact time (up to 15 min) increased by the removal % of paracetamol. Thermodynamically, the adsorption of paracetamol by calcined gypsum process was found to be spontaneous and endothermic, and more likely a physical process, while kinetically; the Pseudo-Second order model was found to be the best fit compared to the Elovich model. The removal process mainly consists of two stages, and it could be deduced from the kinetic behavior of paracetamol adsorption that the recrystallization process can be another rate-limiting step in the process.

The nine different technologies are constructed at the pilot scale in one experimental site at Al-Balqa Applied University and use the same wastewater characteristics as the inlet. Monthly samples were collected from the inlet and outlet of nine different decentralized wastewater treatment technologies for three years (June 2016-June 2019). The samples were analyzed for physical, chemical, and biological parameters including TSS, Turbidity, pH, COD, DO, NH4, NO3, TN, BOD, and E. coli. Removal efficiencies for the nine technologies are obtained for COD, BOD, TN, and TSS to be above 95%. NH4 the removal efficiencies for the nine technologies vary and found to be in the range of 27 to 76% while for the E. coli in the range of 65 to 95%. Further, data on energy consumption were collected for each technology and found for the nine investigated technologies in the range of 0.03 to 0.30 Jordan Dinars per treated cubic meter. The investigated technologies were evaluated, and the best options were endorsed. It is concluded that the adaptation of decentralized wastewater treatment will certainly help protect the hydrologic system in Jordan especially in the high lands where significant groundwater recharge occurs and a considerable amount of surface water flows towards Jordan Valley and collection dams.

The Integrated Collector Storage (ICS) has a great application in the solar energy field such as instantaneous heating with little initial and operation cost as well as its resistance against the problems of overheating and freezing. In this research, an advanced ICS was designed and investigated with an array of 1.5 mm thickness galvanized lateral steel plate fins fixed in the storage tank. The new design was examined from 7:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. The results show an increase in mean storage temperature and collection efficiency of up to 20% and 37% respectively.

The degradation of this zinc-dialkyl-dithiophosphate (ZDDP), at a temperature less than 246K often leads to the release of phosphorus, sulphur, and zinc which are indirectly responsible for the emission of poisonous gas from the exhaust pipe of the motor cars. Four QSPR mathematical models were generated from 39 structures of lubricant additives (LAs) and the structural features were found to corresponds to the coefficients of; internal correlation (R2 ) of 0.95, adjusted squared correlation (R2 adj) of 0.94, Cross-validation (Q2cv) of 0.90, and the external validation (R2 pred) of 0.54. The model suggests that new LAs with improved onset temperatures (Tonset) could be designed by interpreting and increasing the value of the molecular descriptor such as IC5 (Information Content index/neighborhood symmetry of 5-order) and Ve (V total size index/weighted by Sanderson electronegativity) and at the same time decreasing the values of RDF080m (Radial Distribution Function-080/weighted by mass), RDF110m (Radial Distribution Function-110/weighted by mass), P2v (2nd component shape directional WHIM index/weighted by Van der Waals volume) and R1e+ (R maximal autocorrelation of lag 1/weighted by Sanderson electronegativity). Moreover, the LAs with an experimental onset temperature of 351.6K agreed with the predicted onset temperature of 351.7K13a. And was also in agreement with the result of molecular dynamics simulations in which the LAs with the best dynamic binding energy of -2112.06 kcal/mol was tightly bounded on the simulated DLC mechanical coated boundary inter-surface and was also found to be better than the commercial LAs, ZDDP in term of binding energy and onset temperature. This investigation will help in rational additive design and synthesis of new and better selective Las

Hot fluid injection, the preferred method used in the recovery of heavy oil and in various mechanisms such as steam drive, cyclic steam injection, steam stimulation, has become the industrial method for increasing recovery. These methods were used to promote heavy oil recovery by reducing the viscosity of asphalt and heavy oil and increasing the mobility of oil in reservoirs. The experimental test was carried out on a core sample obtained from the Ghareb Formation in the Wadi-Rajil area using cold water, hot water, and steam injection. The maximum recovery of oil in the sample using cold and hot water was 9.75% and 27.3 % respectively. On the other hand, the recovery of oil using steam injection was 42.5%. Thus, steam injection yielded more oil than cold and hot water injections in this experiment; the steam injection influx rate was approximately 15 mL/min. The total oil recovery of the sample using these three mechanisms was around 80%. The steam injection can, thus, be considered a promising thermal recovery method for asphalt and heavy oil in the Wadi-Rajil area.